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ProMark Offroad Blog

Keep Your Winch Working

ATV winch

Use your winch at least once a month, even if just to power the cable out and back in.

Use It or Lose It

We highly recommend using your winch regularly (at least once a month). Even if you don’t need to use the winch for anything, get the motor running and warmed up to keep the winch in good working condition.

Simply power the cable out 5 feet, spool out another 2 feet, and then power back in. This will keep all components in good working condition so that the winch will be ready to use when you need it.

Maintenance

Every so often, check the mounting bolts and electrical connections to make sure they are tight and free of corrosion or damage. Remove any dirt and corrosion that may have accumulated on the electrical connections.

Lubrication

The gearbox and drum bearings are permanently lubricated. No internal lubrication should be required for the life of the winch. Re-lubrication is necessary only after repair or disassembly.

Cable Safety

Always check the condition of the wire or synthetic cable before using. If there are signs of damage that could compromise the safety of the cable, do not use your winch until the cable is repaired or replaced.

Never substitute a heavier or lighter wire rope as a replacement. The rope should have the same diameter and load capacity as the original cable.

Electric Winch Troubleshooting Chart

Having trouble with your electric winch? Winch trouble can be caused by anything from letting the motor run too long to incorrect wiring to low battery power.

The chart below will help you figure out what is wrong with your winch, what’s causing the problem, and how to fix it.

Winch Troubleshooting Tips

Problem Possible Cause(s) Solution
Winch motor will not operate or runs in one direction only
  1. Switch inoperative or wired incorrectly
  2. Broken wires or bad connection
  3. Damaged winch motor
  1. Replace switch
  2. Check for poor connections
  3. Replace or repair winch motor
Winch motor runs extremely hot
  1. Long period of operation
  2. Damaged winch motor
  1. Allow to cool
  2. Replace or repair winch motor
Winch motor runs but with insufficient power or line speed
  1. Weak battery
  2. Battery to winch wire too long
  3. Poor battery connection
  4. Poor ground
  5. Damaged winch motor
  1. Recharge or replace battery; check charging system
  2. Keep winch within distance allowed by lead wires
  3. Check battery terminals for corrosion; clean as required
  4. Check and clean connections
  5. Replace or repair winch motor
Winch motor runs but drum doesn’t turn Clutch not engaged Engage clutch
Winch runs backwards
  1. Motor wires reversed
  2. Switch wires reversed
  3. Switch installed incorrectly
  1. Recheck wiring
  2. Recheck wiring
  3. Check switch installation
Winch will not hold load Excessive load Reduce load or double line

Do I Need a Winch Cover?

Winch cover

A winch cover keeps rain, dirt, and grime out of your winch.

Constant exposure to the elements can break down your winch line prematurely and allow abrasive grime, sand, and dirt into your winch’s gears and other moving parts. To make your winch and cable last as long as possible, use a winch cover when you are not using the winch.

For Synthetic Rope

If you run synthetic line on your winch, a cover can slow down the fading. Even with UV inhibitors, exposure to the sun will eventually fade the color on your rope. Synthetic line is designed to withstand harsh exposure to the elements, since it was originally developed for marine use, but it will last longer (and look better) if you keep it covered.

For Steel Cable

If you run steel cable, a winch cover keeps out abrasive substances and protects against rain, UV rays, and other elements. Mud, dirt, road grime, salt, sand, and ice can get into your winch gears and other winch parts and act like sandpaper, keeping your winch from running smoothly and possibly causing damage.

Even with a winch cover, it’s still important to use and maintain your winch properly if you want to get the most life out of it. There’s no substitute for taking good care of your winch with regular maintenance and cleaning.

ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide, Part 3

This is the third and final part in this series on ATV winch cleaning. See ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide Part 1 and Part 2 for steps 1 through 22 on how to clean your ATV winch.

Thanks to Todd Sandberg for the following information and photos on cleaning and maintaining your ATV winch.

Winch Cleaning Instructions (Steps 23-32)

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Step 23

Once the motor is cleaned up, place the motor end cap on your table; then carefully put the motor into position on the end cap. Ensure that the armatures are aligned properly and that all 4 springs are in their respective areas and not bound up.

Position the motor on the end cap

Position the motor on the end cap.

Step 24

Once you have the motor and motor end cap mated together, carefully slip the housing over the motor, making sure that the motor never loses contact with the motor end cap.

Slip the housing over the motor.

Slip the housing over the motor.

Step 25

Reinstall motor housing bolts into motor housing; then mate that assembly to the gear housing, making sure that the motor end cap never loses contact with the motor and motor housing. If this happens, redo steps 23 and 24, as you risk having the armatures out of place and damaging your winch. Once everything is back together properly, tighten down the motor housing bolts to secure the motor housing assembly to the gear housing assembly. If you wish to add another level of water protection, you can run a small bead of silicone on the gear housing so that once the motor housing is mated up, it forms a good weather seal. That is optional, but it won’t hurt anything, so it’s worth your time in my opinion.

Mate the motor housing to the gear housing.

Mate the motor housing to the gear housing.

Step 26

I like to run a bead of silicone around the motor housing and motor end cap joint for good measure as well.

Seal with silicone.

Seal with silicone.

Step 27

Locate the gears that were removed in step 16. Clean them and inspect them for damage.

Clean and inspect gears.

Clean and inspect gears.

Step 28

Repack them with grease just like you did in step 11; then reinstall them into the motor housing.

Repack gears with grease.

Repack gears with grease.

Step 29

Locate the lower bolts that were removed in step 14. Also, locate the metal plates from step 15. Reinstall the metal plates using the bolts you just located.

Reinstall the metal plates.

Reinstall the metal plates.

Step 30

Locate the top two hex bolts and connecting rods from step 14 and reinstall them into the gear.

Reinstall connecting rods.

Reinstall connecting rods.

Step 31

Clean the drum sides. Personally, I like to apply some grease on there as well so as to prevent some rusting and such. If you have a waterproof winch, make sure you account for the seals (what’s in my hand in the picture) and that they are installed in the correct position.

Clean the drum sides.

Clean the drum sides.

Step 32

Finally, locate the hex bolts that were removed in step 2, line up the connecting rods to the handle housing, and reconnect them using the hex bolts. Please note that during this cleaning, I changed out the handle so the pictures appear to be different, but it is indeed the same winch.

Reconnect the connecting rods.

Reconnect the connecting rods.

Related Posts:

ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide, Part 2

See ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide, Part 1 for steps 1 through 10 on how to clean your ATV winch.

Thanks to Todd Sandberg for the following information and photos on cleaning and maintaining your ATV winch.

Winch Cleaning Instructions (Steps 11-22)

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Step 11

After cleaning and inspection of gears, repack all gears with grease. One thing to note is that the more you put in there, the more resistance the winch will have in freespool mode, especially for those in colder winter climates, as the grease will get a bit tighter in the cold.

Repack the gears with grease.

Repack the gears with grease.

Step 12

Reassemble gear assembly; then reinstall the complete assembly into the housing.

Reassemble gears.

Reassemble gears.

Step 13

Reinstall the two rectangular nuts in the housing. Once they are put into position, locate the two metal plates that were removed in step 6, put them into position and secure using the two hex bolts which were removed in step 5. Set this completed assembly aside for later use. Sorry, no pics. I forgot to take them for this step.

Step 14

Locate the motor housing and remove the top two hex bolts and the two connecting rods. Lubricate the two hex bolts with spray lubricant and set those aside with the connecting rods for later use. At this time, also remove the two bottom hex bolts which retain the two metal plates to the housing. Take note of the orientation of the metal plates. After bolts are removed, apply some spray lubricant on the threads; then set aside for later use.

Remove the two top hex bolts and connecting rods.

Remove the two top hex bolts and connecting rods.

Step 15

Remove the two metal plates, clean, and set aside.

Remove and clean the two metal plates.

Remove and clean the two metal plates.

Step 16

Remove gears from housing and set aside. Take note of the two rectangular nuts that are located in the housing (in the picture below, they are located in the bottom right corner).

Remove gears from housing.

Remove gears from housing.

Step 17

Clean housing gears and look for any damage, such as chipped teeth.

Clean housing gears.

Clean housing gears.

Step 18

Remove the two motor housing bolts, apply some spray lubricant, and set them aside for later use. Take note that these are NOT the terminal posts for the battery cables.

Remove the two motor housing bolts.

Remove the two motor housing bolts.

Step 19

Remove motor end cap, taking note of the armatures and also the springs underneath the armatures…do not lose those springs! If your winch is a waterproof model, take note of the rubber O-ring on the end of the cap. Clean the inside of the cap as well as the terminals and set aside for later use.

Clean the end cap and terminals.

Clean the end cap and terminals.

Step 20

Remove motor housing from gear housing.

Remove motor housing from gear housing.

Remove motor housing from gear housing.

Step 21

Remove motor from motor housing.

Remove motor from motor housing.

Remove motor from motor housing.

Step 22

Take note of the condition of the motor end which (when fully assembled) is in constant contact with the armatures. It should be a shiny and untarnished surface. In the picture below, it is dirty. If yours is dirty, clean up that contact area by using a wire brush, fine file, or fine sandpaper.

Examine the motor end.

Examine the motor end.

Read more…

Continued in Part 3 of the ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide (Steps 23-32)

ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide, Part 1

Ready to tackle cleaning your ATV winch? These detailed, step-by-step instructions will help you take apart the winch, clean and re-grease it, and put it back together again.

Cleaning your ATV winch is not required for maintenance, but it’s a great way to make your winch last longer and run newer. Just like any other mechanical device, the gears and other parts get worn down with use. A little TLC will go a long ways in making your winch last for years of use. The more you use or abuse your winch, the more often it will need to be cleaned. Most guys who clean their winches do it on an annual basis.

Thanks to Todd Sandberg for submitting the following article and photos on cleaning an ATV winch!

Winch Cleaning Instructions (Steps 1-10)

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Step 1

Start by getting together some brake/parts cleaner, some shop rags, lithium grease (or marine grease will do too), an Allen/hex wrench, 10mm wrench or socket, spray lubricant (WD40, JB80, or something similar) and a couple standard head screwdrivers and (optional) RTV silicone (I prefer the black silicone, but I was out so I used blue in this writeup). Ignore the hammer you see in later pictures. I just used that to very gently tap a part which is not discussed in these instructions. A cup of coffee can help too! If you’d like to keep your hands cleaner, then you can wear a pair of latex gloves (or something similar if you’re allergic to latex).

Winch cleaning setup

These are the items you need to clean your winch.

Step 2

Start by removing the top two head bolts on the handle side of the winch.

Remove top two head bolts.

Remove top two head bolts.

Step 3

Separate the two halves and set the motor half aside for later use. The motor half has the two posts on the casing for the battery cables.

Separate the two halves.

Separate the two halves.

Step 4

Remove center spindle, noting that the end with the spring goes into the motor side of the winch.

Remove center spindle.

Remove center spindle.

Step 5

Remove the two bottom hex bolts which retain the two metal plates to the housing. Take note of the orientation of the metal plates. After bolts are removed, apply some spray lubricant on the threads; then set aside for later use.

Remove two bottom bolts.

Remove two bottom bolts.

Step 6

Remove the two metal plates, clean, and set aside.

Remove metal plates.

Remove metal plates.

Step 7

Remove gears from housing and set aside. Take note of the two rectangular nuts that are located in the housing (in the picture below, they are located in the bottom right corner).

Remove gears from housing.

Remove gears from housing.

Step 8

Remove center triangular shaped cam and clean cam. Clean housing gears and look for any damage, such as chipped teeth.

Remove and clean cam and gears.

Remove and clean cam and gears.

Step 9

Apply grease to the cam and reinstall cam into housing.

Apply grease and reinstall cam.

Apply grease and reinstall cam.

Step 10

Locate the gear assembly which was removed in step 7 and take gear assembly apart, taking note of the orientation of the 3 gears. Clean the gears thoroughly and inspect for any damage.

Take apart gear assembly and clean.

Take apart gear assembly and clean.

Read more…

Continued in Part 2 of the ATV Winch Cleaning and Maintenance Guide (Steps 11-22)

Electric Winch Maintenance Checklist

If you take good care of your electric winch, it will last for many years of use. Follow the winch maintenance checklist below to keep your winch in good working condition.

Winch Cable (Synthetic or Wire)

  1. Check for kinks, fraying, and other damage before and after each winching operation.
  2. Replace the cable immediately if you see signs of damage. Do not use a damaged rope.
  3. Keep the rope clean and dry.
  4. Spool the cable neatly and evenly onto the drum after you are done winching.

Electrical and Hardware

  1. Check the electrical connections every few months to make sure they are clean and tight.
  2. Remove dirt and corrosion from the electrical connections. If you allow the corrosion to build up, it may reduce the performance of your winch or cause a short.
  3. Power the cable in or out every few months, whether you need to use the winch or not. Periodically running the motor will create heat and dissipate any moisture built up in the motor. If the winch is not operated for a long period of time, this moisture will lead to internal corrosion and damage the motor.
  4. If you live and ride in salty areas, coat the electrical connections with silicone to prevent corrosion.
  5. Periodically check all mounting bolts for tightness.

Cleaning and Greasing

  1. The gearbox and drum bearings are permanently lubricated. No internal lubrication should be required for the life of the winch.
  2. If you take apart the winch for repair or cleaning, however, it will be necessary to re-lubricate the winch.

Why Does My Plow Slip Down? Winch Back-Driving and Cable Nesting

Lately we’ve been hearing from customers who are having problems with their ATV plow slipping down as the winch line creeps out. This problem can be caused by one of two things: 1) winch back-driving, or 2) cable nesting.

Troubleshooting Winch Creep on ATV Plows

Troubleshooting Winch Creep on ATV Plows

Winch Back-Driving

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If your ATV winch is controlled by a mechanical brake (and not a dynamic brake), there is a chance you may be experiencing back-driving when the plow is in the up position. Winches with mechanical brakes are designed to slip under excessive load to protect the winch gears. Under the weight of a heavy plow blade, the cable may slowly creep out and allow the blade to slip down a few inches.

If this happens, simply spool in the winch line to take up the slack. Using a snatch block can also reduce the load on the winch and prevent the plow from slipping.

Cable Nesting

Cable nesting is when the winch cable becomes tangled up on the drum like a bird’s nest. As you plow, the cable can slowly tighten around the drum as it works its way into the inner layers of cable.

If this happens, spool out the cable until all the messed up layers are unwound. Then spool the cable back onto the drum in tight, even rows.

How Do I Know if My Winch is Back-Driving or Nesting?

Since both back-driving and nesting cause the plow to slip, the two can easily be confused. The best way to find the cause of the problem is to observe the winch drum as the plow slips. If the drum turns, the problem is back-driving. If the drum does not turn as the winch line creeps, then the problem is cable nesting, where the winch line needs to be properly re-spooled around the drum.

Plow Winch Troubleshooting

Symptom Possible Causes Solution
Winch line creeps out,
causing the plow to slip down
1. Winch back-driving
2. Cable nesting
1. If drum turns, winch in slack, reduce load, or double line.
2. If drum does NOT turn, re-spool cable in tight, even rows.

Related Posts:

Best Winch Mounting Location

A high mounted ATV winch is easier to maintain, view, and access.

A high mounted ATV winch is easier to maintain, easier to access, and easier to view during operation.

Where you mount your ATV or truck winch can make a difference in the maintenance requirements and lifespan of the winch, especially if you ride in muddy, swampy, or wet conditions.

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On some ATVs and trucks, you might not have the option to mount the winch in any other spot than the OEM mounting spot, but if you have the option to mount the winch higher, or if you can build a custom mount with the proper frame support, you might want to mount your winch higher rather than lower.

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Advantages of a High Mounted Winch

  1. Mounting the winch higher keeps it out of the mud and water. Constant exposure to mud and water is hard even on a waterproof winch. Without proper maintenance, the buildup of abrasive materials inside the winch housing and gears can lead to corrosion and can degrade the lubrication inside the winch.
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  3. Mounting the winch higher keeps it cleaner, which means less maintenance on your part and a longer lifespan for the winch. A winch cover also helps keep your winch clean and dry.
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  5. Mounting the winch higher gives you easy access to the winch when you need it. If you bury your ATV or truck with a low mounted winch, you’ll be forced to dig down into the mud and water to get to your winch. Not to mention, operating a submerged winch can cause major damage.
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  7. Mounting the winch higher keeps it visible. If the winch is higher, it’s easier to watch out for cable stacking. Letting the cable stack up too high on one side of the drum is a major cause of winch damage. It can also result in a “bird’s nest” that won’t be easy to untangle. A low-placed or hidden winch mount can block your view of the cable as it spools, increasing the chance of a bird’s nest or damaged winch. Keep that in mind when choosing a winch mount.
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Precautions for High Mounted Winches

Keep in mind that you’ll need to hook up to an anchor point that’s higher than the winch. If the anchor point is too low, the winch can bog your vehicle further down in the mud. If necessary, use a snatch block to hook up to an anchor point and then attach the winch hook to a low anchor point on your vehicle (lower than the winch). If you ride in areas with few natural anchor points, however, you may run into problems finding an anchor point higher than your winch. In this case, you might want to mount the winch lower on your vehicle.

On most ATVs or trucks, you might need to build or buy a custom mount to install the winch higher than the OEM winch location. Just make sure the mounting points are strong enough to withstand the force of a hard pull. The winch should be attached to the frame for the strongest reinforcement.

Winch Maintenance: Prevent Corrosion

The sealed motor in the 2500 XT winch helps prevent corrosion.

The sealed motor in the 2500 XT winch helps prevent corrosion.

To keep your winch working like new, you need to keep the electrical connections clean and free of corrosion. Clean all electrical connections on a regular basis. If you ride in salty conditions (saltwater areas, etc.), protect the electrical connections with a coat of silicone sealer. This will help prevent corrosion.

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The internal gears and other parts of your winch also need to be protected from corrosion. Condensation can build up inside the winch housing, resulting in corrosion of the metal parts. To prevent this, start up the winch motor and power the winch in or out on a regular basis. Running the motor builds up heat, which will dissipate moisture trapped inside the winch.

A sealed, waterproof winch motor will require less attention to maintenance than a non-sealed motor, but it still needs to be properly maintained to keep the motor working up to its full potential.

Don’t let your winch sit for months on end without using it. Even if you don’t need to use it, start up the motor every few months (for example, every time you change the oil in your vehicle), inspect the winch, and make sure everything is working properly. That way, you’ll know that your winch is in good working condition when the time comes to use it during a recovery operation.